Cayman Caerulomycin A

Caerulomycin A is an fungal metabolite originally isolated from Actinoalloteichus with antifungal and immunosuppressant activites.^,,, It inhibits the growth of C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. krusei (MICs = 0.78-1.56, 0.39-0.78, and 0.78-1.56 μg/mL, respectively). Caerulomycin A induces expansion of CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and decreases the number of Th1 and T17 cells in vitro via increased TGF-β-mediated Smad3 activity and reduces IFN-γ-induced STAT1 signaling. In vivo, caerulomycin A (10 mg/kg) reduces IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ production, inflammation, and synovitis in a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis. Caerulomycin A suppresses the differentiation of Th2 cells and reduces levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE and eosinophil lung infiltration in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced asthma. It also increases production of Tregs, reduces production of Th1, Th17, and CD8 T cells, and reduces disease severity in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

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