Cayman Pulchinenoside A

Pulchinenoside A is a triterpenoid saponin that has been found in Pulsatilla chinensis and has diverse biological activities.^1,2 It inhibits NMDA-evoked currents in hippocampal neurons (IC₅₀s = 18.48 and 20.19 μM at -50 and +50 mV, respectively) and inhibits NMDA-induced neuronal cell death when used at a concentration of 30 μM.² Pulchinenoside A (30 and 100 mg/kg) increases the levels of serotonin (5-HT; Item No. 14332), 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA; Item No. 22889), and norepinephrine (Item No. 16673) in the hippocampus and 5-HIAA and norepinephrine in the prefrontal cortex in mice. It reduces the time spent immobile in the forced swim test in mice when administered at doses of 30 and 100 mg/kg and increases the time spent in the target quadrant of the Morris water maze in mice at 100 mg/kg. Pulchinenoside A (12.6 and 25.2 mg/kg) reduces infarct volume in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model of ischemia. It also induces relaxation of precontracted isolated rat thoracic aorta and renal, mesenteric, and left coronary arteries in a concentration-dependent manner.¹

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