Cayman Butyrolactone V

VEGF-A is a member of the PDGF/VEGF family of growth factors that regulates development, proliferation, and maintenance of the vascular system. Alternative splicing of Vegfa pre-mRNA leads to the formation of VEGF-A 164 variant (VEGF-164), an isoform of VEGF-A that contains two heparin binding domains that interact with VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, the VEGFR co-receptors neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and NRP2, and matrix-associated glycosaminoglycans.^, VEGF-164 exists as a secreted or matrix-bound homodimer and is expressed in the brain, bone, eye, heart, lung, kidney and liver.^, Transgenic overexpression of VEGF-164 in the podocytes of mice induces complete collapse of the glomerular capillary network and is perinatal lethal. Inhibition of VEGF-164 with a neutralizing aptamer inhibits leukocyte adhesion and neovascularization in the retina in a rat model of hyperoxia-induced proliferative retinopathy. Serum levels of the human homolog VEGF-165 are increased in patients with melanoma and positively correlated with metastasis. VEGF-165 levels are also increased in the serum, synovial fluid, and inflamed joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Caymans VEGF-A 164 variant (mouse, recombinant) protein can be used for cell-based assay applications. This protein consists of 164 amino acids, has a calculated molecular weight of 19.4 kDa, and a predicted N-terminus of Ala27 after signal peptide cleavage. By SDS-PAGE, under reducing conditions, the molecular weight of the protein is 24 kDa due to apparent post-translational modifications.

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