Cayman β-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid

β-Hydroxyisovaleric acid is an active metabolite of L-leucine. It is produced from leucine via an α-ketoisocaproic acid intermediate by α-ketoisocaproate oxidase in human liver homogenates. β-Hydroxyisovaleric acid (50 µM) reduces increases in 20S proteasome activity and NF-κB nuclear accumulation induced by proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF) in C2C12 myotubes. It inhibits protein degradation and stimulates protein synthesis in the gastrocnemius muscle of cachectic mice bearing MAC16 tumors when administered at doses of 0.25 and 2.5 g/kg. Urinary levels of β-hydroxyisovaleric acid are increased in patients with type II diabetes. Formulations containing β-hydroxyisovaleric acid have been used as dietary supplements.

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.