Sigma-Aldrich Vancomycin hydrochloride from Streptomyces orientalis. ≥900 μg per mg (as vancomycin base). 250 mg

Vancomycin is a nonribosomal glycopeptide antibiotic characterized by its branched, tricyclic, and glycosylated structure. Unlike beta-lactam antibiotics, vancomycin operates by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis at an earlier stage. Its spectrum of activity is primarily directed against aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive bacteria, encompassing a wide range of isolates, including those that exhibit resistance to β-lactams. Vancomycin is notably effective against Gram-positive organisms such as Clostridium difficile, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus bovis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Actinomyces species, and Lactobacillus species. It demonstrates exceptional efficacy in combating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Furthermore, vancomycin is a valuable tool for preventing the proliferation of bacterial contaminants in studies related to cell biology and biochemistry.

Vancomycin hydrochloride from Streptomyces orientalis has been used:

• in the research the effects of antibiotic-induced depletion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes on dysregulation of energy homeostasis in obesity[1]
• in the research of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Bovine Farms[2]
• to research the antimicrobial susceptibility of Bifidobacterium strains in various organisms[3]

Mode of action: Inhibits incorporation of terminal D-alanyl-D-alanine moieties of the NAM/NAG-peptides.

Antimicrobial Spectrum: Active against Gram-positive bacteria

Vancomycin exerts its antibacterial effects by forming noncovalent bonds with undecaprenyl-(muramyl-glucosaminyl)-pentapeptide, a crucial precursor in the biosynthesis of bacterial cell walls. This interaction disrupts the synthesis of peptidoglycan, interfering with the transglycosylation and transpeptidation processes that are essential for bacterial cell wall construction. Consequently, the cell wall′s integrity is compromised, leading to cell lysis. Furthermore, Vancomycin augments the permeability of the bacterial cell wall and hinders RNA synthesis.

Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that blocks bacterial cell wall biosynthesis at the level of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. It inhibits incorporation of terminal D-alanyl-D-alanine moieties of the NAM/NAG-peptides. It is effective against Gram-positive bacteria. Vancomycin also alters bacterial-cell-membrane permeability and RNA synthesis.

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