Sigma-Aldrich Guanosine 5′-triphosphate Tris salt. ≥93% (HPLC), bacterial (corynebacterium sp), powder. 100 mg

Guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP) is a molecule rich in energy.[1]

GTP from Sigma was used

• in a study to induce dissociation of the endogenous neuropeptide galanin from its binding sites prior to incubation with radiolabeled ligand[2]
• as a substrate along with FtsZ in a colorimetric assay to detect GTPase activity to test polymerization of FtsZ, the prokaryotic ortholog of tubulin, in the absence of Na⁺[3]
• as a pipette solution for patch-clamp Ca²⁺ measurements in a study[4]
• as an internal standard during the analysis of water-soluble inositol phosphate[5]

GTP functions as a carrier of phosphates and pyrophosphates involved in channeling chemical energy into specific biosynthetic pathways. GTP activates the signal transducing g proteins which are involved in various cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, and activation of several intracellular kinase cascades. Proliferation and apoptosis are regulated in part by the hydrolysis of GTP by small GTPases Ras and Rho. Another type of small GTPase, Rab, plays a role in the docking and fusion of vesicles and may also be involved in vesicle formation. In addition to its role in signal transduction, GTP also serves as an energy-rich precursor of mononucleotide units in the enzymatic biosynthesis of DNA and RNA.

The extracellular guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP) acts as an enhancer of myogenic cell differentiation. It plays a key role in miRNA-myogenic regulator factor modulation. It also participates in the release of exosome stuffed with guanosine and guanosine-based molecules secretion.[6] GTP is considered as an activated precursor for RNA synthesis. It also plays a major role in the synthesis and localization of protein, signal transduction, visual excitation and hormone action.[7]

The translocation of proteins into the mitochondria matrix involves the interactions of both GTP and ATP. These imported proteins are important in several pathways regulated in mitochondria.[8] GTP is involved in the initiation of peptide synthesis during the binding of formylmethionyl-tRNA (F-met-tRNA) to the ribosome.[9][10] It is also involved in polypeptide chain elongation.[11] GTP is hydrolyzed by tubulin and its hydrolysis is accompanied by microtubule assembly.[12]

Prepared from Catalog No. G8877.