Revvity HTRF Human Total ATF4 Detection Kit, 50,000 Assay Points

ATF4, a pivotal transcription factor in the EIF2a/ATF-4 signaling pathway, serves as the primary effector of the integrated stress response (ISR) triggered by PERK, HRI, GCN2, or PKR kinases. With a leucine Zipper domain (bZIP), ATF4 facilitates interactions with numerous proteins, acting as dimerization partners. Its multifaceted role extends across various tissues, significantly impacting obesity, glucose homeostasis, energy expenditure, and neural plasticity regulation.

As a stress-induced bZIP transcription factor, ATF4 binds to the cAMP response element, marking its involvement in the ISR, which encompasses responses to amino acid and glucose depletion, ER stress, and oxidative stress. This response entails the phosphorylation of eIF2alpha by various kinases, leading to global mRNA translation attenuation and ATF4 translation upregulation. Depending on post-translational modifications and binding partners, ATF4 can either promote pro-survival or apoptosis.

Additionally, ATF4s stability is subject to regulation through polyubiquitinylation, which mediates its proteasomal degradation.