Sigma-Aldrich Anti-#2-Microglobulin Cl1E4 Zoomab Rb

Beta-2-microglobulin (UniProt: P61769; also known as Beta-2-microglobulin form pI 5.3) is encoded by the B2M (also known as CDABP0092, HDCMA22P) gene (Gene ID: 567) in human. β2-Microglobulin is a small protein characterized by its homology to immunoglobulin constant domains, particularly the CH3 domain of IgG molecules. It consists of a single polypeptide chain stabilized by a disulfide bond, contributing to its compact and stable structure. β2-Microglobulin is a critical component of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, where it non-covalently associates with the heavy chain to facilitate antigen presentation to cytotoxic T cells. β2-Microglobulin is ubiquitously expressed on the surface of most nucleated cells and is also found in extracellular fluids due to its continual release during cellular turnover. β2-Microglobulin is localized to the plasma membrane as part of MHC-I complexes and can be internalized during endocytosis. It interacts with proteins such as FcRn (neonatal Fc receptor), influencing immune responses and protein recycling. It is critical for the immune surveillance and modulation in vertebrate animals. Dysregulation of β2-Microglobulin is implicated in diseases such as dialysis-related amyloidosis, bone and joint disorders and certain cancers, where its aggregation and altered expression contribute to pathological processes. It can cross the blood brain barrier, affecting certain CNS diseases. This ZooMAb^® recombinant monoclonal antibody, generated by our proprietary technology, offers significantly enhanced specificity, affinity, reproducibility, and stability over conventional monoclonals. (Ref.: Liu Z. Y., et Al., (2024) Cell Mol Neurobiol. 44(1), 46; Wang, C., et Al., (2022), Front. Oncol. 12, 944722; Batista Muñoz A., et Al., (2019), PLoS ONE 14(5), e0216498).

ZooMAb^® antibodies represent an entirely new generation of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Each ZooMAb^® antibody is manufactured using our proprietary recombinant expression system, purified to homogeneity, and precisely dispensed to produce robust and highly reproducible lot-to-lot consistency. Only top-performing clones are released for use by researchers. Each antibody is validated for high specificity and affinity across multiple applications, including its most commonly used application. ZooMAb^® antibodies are reliably available and ready to ship when you need them.

KLH-conjugated linear peptide corresponding to 16 amino acids from the N-terminal half of human β2-Microglobulin.

Quality Control Testing

Evaluated by Western Blotting in U-937 cell lysate.

Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution of this antibody detected β2-Microglobulin in U-937 cell lysate.

Tested Applications

Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot detected β2-Microglobulin in human spleen tissue lysate.

Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot detected β2-Microglobulin in human liver tissue sections.

Affinity Binding Assay: A representative lot of this antibody bound with β2-Microglobulin peptide with at least one thousand-fold (1,000X) higher affinity than with non-specific control peptide.

Note: Actual optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user as specimens, and experimental conditions may vary with the end user.

Clone 1E4 is a ZooMAb^® rabbit recombinant monoclonal antibody that detects β2-Microglobulin. It targets an epitope within 16 amino acids from the N-terminal half.

Purified recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody IgG, lyophilized in PBS with 5% Trehalose, normal appearance a coarse or translucent resin. The PBS/trehalose components in the ZooMAb formulation can have the appearance of a semi-solid (bead like gel) after lyophilization. This is a normal phenomenon. Please follow the recommended reconstitution procedure in the data sheet to dissolve the semi-solid, bead-like, gel-appearing material. The resulting antibody solution is completely stable and functional as proven by full functional testing. Contains no biocide or preservatives, such as azide, or any animal by-products. Larger pack sizes provided as multiples of 25 µL.

300 µg/mL after reconstitution at 25 µL per vial. Please refer to guidance on suggested starting dilutions and/or titers per application and sample type.

Recommend storage of lyophilized product at 2-8°C; Before reconstitution, micro-centrifuge vials briefly to spin down material to bottom of the vial; Reconstitute each vial by adding 25 µL of filtered lab grade water or PBS; Reconstituted antibodies can be stored at 2-8°C, or -20°C for long term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaws.

We are committed to bringing you greener alternative products, which adhere to one or more of the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry. This antibody is preservative-free, produced without the harm or sacrifice of animals and exceptionally stable to allow for ambient shipping and storage if needed, and thus aligns with "Waste Prevention", "Designing Safer Chemicals" and "Design for Energy Efficiency". Click here for more information.

ZooMAb is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.