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Key Specifications Table
| Species Reactivity | Key Applications | Host | Format | Antibody Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H, M, R | ICC, IHC, IP, WB | M | Purified | Monoclonal Antibody |
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Catalogue Number | MAB4037 |
| Replaces | 04-409 |
| Brand Family | Chemicon® |
| Trade Name |
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| Description | Anti-PTEN Antibody, CT, clone A2b1 |
| Alternate Names |
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| Product Information | |
|---|---|
| Format | Purified |
| Control |
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| Presentation | Protein A Purified mouse immunoglobulin in 20 mM sodium phosphate, 250 mM NaCl, pH. 7.6, with 0.1% sodium azide as a preservative. |
| Quality Level | MQ100 |
| Applications | |
|---|---|
| Application | Anti-PTEN Antibody, C-terminus, clone A2b1 is an antibody against PTEN for use in IC, IH, IP & WB. |
| Key Applications |
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| Applications Not Recommended |
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| Application Notes | Western blot 1:100 (55 kDa) Immunocytochemistry Immunohistochemistry: 1:20 to 1:50 for acetone-fixed, fresh frozen tissue. Not effective for paraffin sections. Immunoprecipitation 1:10 to 1:20 Protocol for immunohistochemistry of frozen tissue sections on glass slides. 1. Fix sections for 5 minutes with cold acetone. 2. Air dry 3. Wash sections with PBS 4. Add blocking solution (horse serum) for 20 minutes 5. Add diluted PTEN antibody and incubate for 1 hour at room temperature. 6. Wash with PBS 7. Add biotinylated secondary antibody (horse anti-mouse, or equivalent). 8. Incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature. 9. Wash with PBS 10. Detect with ABC (Avidin-Peroxidase-Complex) or equivalent. 11. Wash with PBS 12. Develop with DAB substrate. 13. Hematoxylin dye may be used as a counterstain for visualizing nuclei.Breast tumor tissue gives good staining. Prostate tissue does not stain.Optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user. |
| Biological Information | |
|---|---|
| Immunogen | Anti-PTEN was generated by immunization with a 10 amino acid peptide corresponding to amino acids 387-400 near the C-terminus of human PTEN. |
| Epitope | C-terminus |
| Clone | A2b1 |
| Concentration | Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis for the lot-specific concentration. |
| Host | Mouse |
| Specificity | Specifically recognizes PTEN*, a tumor suppressor protein located on human chromosome 10 (Steck, 97; Li, 97; Rhei, 97) that is often mutated in various types of advanced cancers (Rhei, 97). The PTEN protein exhibits protein phosphatase activity (Myers, 97) and can suppress the growth of glioma cells (Furnari, 97). The antibody recognizes human and mouse PTEN and is specific for the C-terminus. Other species not tested. Reactivity with human fibroblasts, breast epithelial and lung cancer cell lines has been confirmed by western blot, and antibody specificity has been confirmed by peptide blocking studies. *PTEN is covered under U.S. patents 6,262,242, 6,482,795 and U.S. patent application 10/299,003. |
| Isotype | IgG1 |
| Species Reactivity |
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| Antibody Type | Monoclonal Antibody |
| Entrez Gene Number |
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| Entrez Gene Summary | This gene was identified as a tumor suppressor that is mutated in a large number of cancers at high frequency. The protein encoded this gene is a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. It contains a tensin like domain as well as a catalytic domain similar to that of the dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases. Unlike most of the protein tyrosine phosphatases, this protein preferentially dephosphorylates phosphoinositide substrates. It negatively regulates intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate in cells and functions as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating AKT/PKB signaling pathway. |
| Gene Symbol |
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| Purification Method | Protein A Purfied |
| UniProt Number |
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| UniProt Summary | FUNCTION: SwissProt: P60484 # Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine- phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3- phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate with order of substrate preference in vitro PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 > PtdIns(3,4)P2 > PtdIns3P > Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. The lipid phosphatase activity is critical for its tumor suppressor function. Antagonizes the PI3K- AKT/PKB signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphoinositides and thereby modulating cell cycle progression and cell survival. The unphosphorylated form cooperates with AIP1 to suppress AKT1 activation. Dephosphorylates tyrosine-phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase and inhibits cell migration and integrin-mediated cell spreading and focal adhesion formation. May be a negative regulator of insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue. COFACTOR: Magnesium. SIZE: 403 amino acids; 47166 Da SUBUNIT: Monomer. The unphosphorylated form interacts with the second PDZ domain of AIP1 and with DLG1 and MAST2 in vitro. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed at a relatively high level in all adult tissues, including heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, muscle, kidney and pancreas. DOMAIN: SwissProt: P60484 The C2 domain binds phospholipid membranes in vitro in a Ca(2+)-independent manner; this binding is important for its tumor suppressor function. PTM: Phosphorylation results in an inhibited activity towards PIP3. Phosphorylation can both inhibit and promote PDZ-binding. DISEASE: SwissProt: P60484 # Mutations of PTEN are found in a large number of cancers. & Defects in PTEN are a cause of Cowden disease (CD) [MIM:158350]; also known as Cowden syndrome (CS). CD is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome associated with elevated risk for tumors of the breast, thyroid and skin. The predominant phenotype for CD is multiple hamartoma syndrome, in many organ systems including the breast (70% of CD patients), thyroid (40-60%), skin, CNS (40%), gastrointestinal tract. Affected individuals are at an increased risk of both breast and thyroid cancers. Trichilemmomas (benign tumors of the hair follicle infundibulum), and mucocutaneous papillomatosis (99%) are hallmarks of CD. & Defects in PTEN are the cause of Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD) [MIM:158350]; also known as cerebelloparenchymal disorder VI. LDD is characterized by dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum which often results in cerebellar signs and seizures. LDD and CD seem to be the same entity, and are considered as hamartoma-neoplasia syndromes. & Defects in PTEN are a cause of Bannayan-Zonana syndrome (BZS) [MIM:153480]; also known as Ruvalcaba-Riley-Smith or Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (BRRS). In BZS there seems not to be an increased risk of malignancy. It has a partial clinical overlap with CD. BZS is characterized by the classic triad of macrocephaly, lipomatosis and pigmented macules of the gland penis. & Defects in PTEN are a cause of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) [MIM:275355]. & Defects in PTEN are a cause of susceptibility to endometrial cancer [MIM:608089]. & Defects in PTEN are a cause of Proteus syndrome [MIM:176920]. Proteus syndrome is a hamartomatous disorder characterized by overgrowth of multiple tissues, connective tissue and epidermal naevi, and vascular malformations. These presentations are usually apparent at birth or soon after and continue to develop as the patient ages. It is named after the Greek god Proteus who, legend has it, could change his shape at will to avoid capture. Tumors, mostly benign but some malignant, have also been reported in Proteus syndrome, generally presenting by the age of 20 years and including papillary adenocarcinoma of the testis, meningioma, and cystadenoma of the ovaries. & Defects in PTEN are a cause of oligodendroglioma [MIM:137800]; also called oligodendroblastoma or familial glioma of brain. Oligodendroglioma is a usually benign neoplasm derived from and composed of oligodendrogliocytes in varying stages of differentiation. The majority are seen in adults in the white matter of the brain. & Defects in PTEN are a cause of VACTERL association with hydrocephalus [MIM:276950]; which includes also VATER association with hydrocephalus. VACTERL is an acronym for vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, congenital cardiac disease, tracheoesophageal fistula, renal anomalies, radial dysplasia, and other limb defects. & Defects in PTEN are involved in prostate cancer [MIM:176807]. & Defects in PTEN are a cause of macrocephaly/autism syndrome [MIM:605309]. Patients have autism spectrum disorders and macrocephaly, with head circumferences ranging from +2.5 to +8 SD for age and sex (average head circumference +4.0 SD). SIMILARITY: Contains 1 C2 tensin-type domain. & Contains 1 phosphatase tensin-type domain. |
| Molecular Weight | 55 kDa |
| Product Usage Statements | |
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| Usage Statement |
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| Storage and Shipping Information | |
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| Storage Conditions | Maintain for 1 year at 2–8°C from date of shipment. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. |
| Packaging Information | |
|---|---|
| Material Size | 100 µg |