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| Description | |
|---|---|
| Catalogue Number | 07-408-25UL |
| Brand Family | Upstate |
| Trade Name |
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| Description | Anti-Smad2/3 (rabbit immunoaffinity purified IgG) |
| Alternate Names |
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| Background Information | SMAD2 or Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 is a polypeptide that, as its name describes, is a homolog of the Drosophila gene: "Mothers against decepentaplegic". It belongs to the SMAD family of proteins, which belong to the TGFbeta superfamily of modulators. Like many other TGFβ family members SMAD2 is involved in cell signalling. SMAD2 modulates signals of activin and TGFbetas. It interacts with SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA). The binding of ligands causes the phosphorylation of the SMAD2 protein and the dissociation from SARA and the association with SMAD4. It is subsequently transferred to the nucleus where it forms complexes with other proteins and acts as a transcription factor. SMAD2 is a receptor regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) and is activated by bone morphogenetic protein type 1 receptor kinase. |
| Product Information | |
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| Format | Affinity Purified |
| Control |
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| Presentation | Purified rabbit polyclonal IgG in buffer containing 0.07 M Tris-glycine, pH 7.4, 0.105 M NaCl, 0.035% sodium azide and 30% glycerol. |
| Quality Level | MQ100 |
| Applications | |
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| Application | Anti-Smad2/3 Antibody is a Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for detection of Smad2/3 also known as MAD-mothers against decapentaplegic-homolog 2 & has been validated in WB. |
| Key Applications |
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| Application Notes | Immunoblot Analysis: 1:1000-1:2000 dilution detected Smad2/3 in RIPA lysates of HepG2 cells. Optimal working dilutiuons must be determined by end user. |
| Biological Information | |
|---|---|
| Immunogen | Fusion protein corresponding to amino acids 186-273 of human Smad2. |
| Concentration | Please refer to lot specific datasheet. |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Specificity | Recognizes human Smad2 Mr 55-60 kDa and Smad3 Mr 50 kDa as determined by using Smad2 and Smad3 transfected Cos cells. |
| Isotype | IgG |
| Species Reactivity |
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| Antibody Type | Polyclonal Antibody |
| Entrez Gene Number |
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| Entrez Gene Summary | The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene mothers against decapentaplegic (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. SMAD proteins are signal transducers and transcriptional modulators that mediate multiple signaling pathways. This protein mediates the signal of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and thus regulates multiple cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this protein is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptors. The phosphorylation induces the dissociation of this protein with SARA and the association with the family member SMAD4. The association with SMAD4 is important for the translocation of this protein into the nucleus, where it binds to target promoters and forms a transcription repressor complex with other cofactors. This protein can also be phosphorylated by activin type 1 receptor kinase, and mediates the signal from the activin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed. |
| Gene Symbol |
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| Purification Method | ImmunoAffinity Purified |
| UniProt Number |
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| UniProt Summary | FUNCTION: SwissProt: Q15796 # Transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta and activin type 1 receptor kinase. SMAD2 is a receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD). May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. SIZE: 467 amino acids; 52306 Da SUBUNIT: Found in a complex with SMAD3 and TRIM33 upon addition of TGF-beta. Interacts with SMAD3 and TRIM33. Interacts with SARA (SMAD anchor for receptor activation); may form trimers with the SMAD4 co-SMAD. Interacts with FOXH1, homeobox protein TGIF, PEBP2- alpha subunit, CREB-binding protein (CBP), p300, SKI, SNON and SMURF2. Interacts with AIP1 and HGS. Interacts with NEDD4L in response to TGF-beta (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Cytoplasmic in the absence of ligand. Migrates to the nucleus when complexed with SMAD4. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle, heart and placenta. PTM: Phosphorylated on one or several of Thr-220, Ser-245, Ser- 250, and Ser-255. In response to TGF-beta, phosphorylated on Ser- 465/467 by TGF-beta and activin type 1 receptor kinases. In response to decorin, the naturally occurring inhibitor of TGF-beta signaling, phosphorylated on Ser-240 by CaMK2. Phosphorylated by MAPK3 upon EGF stimulation; which increases transcriptional activity and stability, and is blocked by calmodulin. & In response to TGF-beta, ubiquitinated by NEDD4L; which promotes its degradation (By similarity). DISEASE:SwissProt: Q15796 # Defects in SMAD2 are found in sporadic cases of colorectal carcinoma. SIMILARITY: SwissProt: Q15796 ## Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family. & Contains 1 MH1 (MAD homology 1) domain. & Contains 1 MH2 (MAD homology 2) domain. |
| Molecular Weight | 50-60 kDa |
| Product Usage Statements | |
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| Quality Assurance | Routinely evaluated by Western Blot on Hela lysates. Western Blot Analysis: 1:500 dilution of this lot detected SMAD2/3 on 10 μg of Hela lysates. |
| Usage Statement |
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| Storage and Shipping Information | |
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| Storage Conditions | Stable for 1 year at -20°C from date of receipt. Handling Recommendations: Upon first thaw, and prior to removing the cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution. Aliquot into microcentrifuge tubes and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles, which may damage IgG and affect product performance. Note: Variabillity in freezer temperatures below -20°C may cause glycerol containing solutions to become frozen during storage. |
| Packaging Information | |
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| Material Size | 25 µL |